Research Misconduct

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NIH:

• Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reporting research, or in reporting research results.
• Fabrication is making up data or results and recording or reporting them.
• Falsification is manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results such that research is not accurately represented in the research record.
• Plagiarism is the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit.
• Research misconduct does not include honest error or honest differences of opinion.

Umaine-B: “Fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, or other practices that seriously deviate from those that are commonly accepted within the scholarly community for proposing, conducting, or reporting research and other scholarly activities. It does not include honest error or honest differences in interpretations or judgments of data.” [UMaine Definition3, see also ORI – Chapter 2]

Spo: Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism, in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results. See Vice Chancellor for Research Research Misconduct.

Crdrewu: It means fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results. Research misconduct does not include honest error or differences of opinion. 

• Fabrication is making up data or results and recording or reporting them. 
• Falsification is manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record. 
• Plagiarism is the appropriation of another person’s ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit.