Export Controls

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OSP: Federal laws and regulations that restrict the unlicensed flow of certain materials, devices, and technical information related to such devices outside the United States or to foreign persons in the United States.  These laws include, but are not limited to:

ITAR: International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) are administered by Dept of State (Controls Defense related items)

EAR:  Export Administration Regulations (EAR) are administered by Dept of Commerce (Controls most other items)

OFAC:  Office of Foreign Asset Controls (OFAC) are a part of the U.S. Department of Treasury that administers and enforces economic embargoes and trade sanctions based on U.S. foreign policy and national security goals against targeted foreign countries, terrorists, international narcotics traffickers, and those engaged in activities related to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.

Umich: Export Controls are federal laws that govern how technology, technical data, technical assistance, and items or materials (from software to satellites and more) are physically or electronically exported, shipped, transmitted, transferred, or shared from the U.S. to foreign countries, persons, or entities.  These laws protect national security and U.S. foreign policy interests, prevent terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and preserve U.S. economic competitiveness.  Penalties for violating these laws can be severe, both for the individual researcher and the university.   Your research may be subject to export controls oversight when:

• The items, materials, technology or technical data used in the research are identified on U.S. export control lists.

Working with (formally or informally), or providing technical assistance to, foreign nationals from countries currently sanctioned (e.g., for trade, travel, or terrorism) by the U.S.

• A research agreement (e.g., contract, award, non-disclosure agreement) limits publication of results or participation in the design, conduct, or reporting of the research based on citizenship.  

Cal: U.S. government regulations that govern the export of strategic technologies, equipment, hardware, software or providing technical assistance to Foreign Persons.

Texas: The term Export Controls now has both a specific (see below) and a generic meaning like Kleenex in that it has become shorthand for the set of policies that govern the shipment of or provision of technology, know how, and financial assistance overseas to certain countries where such assistance is controlled for economic purposes or national security. The most sensitive of the technologies that are controlled are defense related technology, or items that may have a potential military application (dual use). The governing regulations are the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), the International Traffic in Arms Regulation (ITAR), and the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). (see below)